Development of Terahertz Imaging Technology in the Assessment of Burn Injuries / 生物医学工程学杂志

Terahertz waves have unique properties and advantages, which makes it gain increasing attention and applications in the biomedical field. Burns is a common clinical trauma. Since the water-sensitive and non-destructive characteristics of terahertz, terahertz imaging techniques can be used to detect burns. So far, terahertz imaging technology in the assessment of burn injuries has been developed from ex vivo to in vivo, and high-resolution images can be obtained through the gauzes and plasters. In this paper, we mainly introduces the application of terahertz imaging technology and development in the assessment of burn injuries.

Reliability and validity of Professional Quality of Life Scale among government staff in earthquake - stricken areas in China / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the reliability and validity of Professional Quality of Life Scale (ProQOL-30, 4th version, 30 items) among government staff in the Wenchuan earthquake-stricken areas</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 1,175 members of government staff in the Wenchuan earthquake-stricken areas were selected by convenience sampling and required to complete the ProQOL and Self-Reporting Questionnair (SRQ). The reliability and validity of the scale was evaluated by correlation analysis, t-test, and confirmatory factor analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Item-total correlation coefficients of the three subscales were 0.590 - 0.752, 0.389 - 0.603, and 0.340 - 0.647, respectively (P<0.05), and the average coefficients were 0.672, 0.482, and 0.555 respectively (P<0.05). The Cronbach's α coefficients of the three subscales were 0.864, 0.569, and 0.742 respectively, and the split-half reliabilities were 0.829, 0.490, and 0.677, respectively. P value was 0.88 in thE chi-square test of confirmatory factor analysis model. Goodness-of-fit indices of ProQOL-30 included GFI=0.895 NFI=0.856, CFI=0.895, RMSEA=0.063, and AGFI=0.912. For the ProQOL-28 as an optimized version o ProQOL-30, the Cronbach's a coefficients for burnout and trauma/compassion fatigue increased to 0.616 and 0.757, respectively. P value was 0.91 in the chi-square test of confirmatory factor analysis model test. Goodness-of-fit indices of ProQOL-28 were GFI =0.913, AGFI =0.924, NFI =0.900, CFI =0.913, and RMSEA =0.031 CONCLUSION: ProQOL-28 has good reliability and validity among government staff in the earthquake-stricker areas in China.</p>

Construction and expression of a pEGFP-C2-HDAC2 recombinant plamid / 中国药理学通报

Aims HDAC2 gene was cloned into pEGFP-C2 vector to explore the efficiency of the plasmid trans-fection in renal fibroblasts COS-7 cells to identify the expression of both mRNA and protein levels and to ob-serve the distribution of the protein. Methods The HDAC2 cDNA was amlified by PCR and cut with the double enzyme Xho I and BamH I, then inserted into the eukaryotic expression vector pEGFP-C2 with T4 en-zyme. The recombinant vector was verified by PCR, restriction enzymes cut and sequencing identification. Then it was transfected into COS-7 cells and the ex-pression of pEGFP-C2-HDAC2 was monitored by fluo- rescence microscope and PCR. Results Fragments of HDAC2 could be seen after dealt with double diges-tion, and GFP could also be detected in the transfected COS-7 cells. HDAC2 gene expression could be detec-ted by PCR and Western blot. The fusion expression of pEGFP-C2-HDAC2 could be detected by Western blot. Conclusion Eukaryotic expression vector of HDAC2 has been successfully constructed, the fusion expres-sion of HDAC2 and GFP protein can be detected in COS-7 cells.

Development of a wearable electrocardiogram monitor with recognition of physical activity scene / 生物医学工程学杂志

To overcome the problems of current electrocardiogram (ECG) tele-monitoring devices used for daily life, according to information fusion thought and by means of wearable technology, we developed a new type of wearable ECG monitor with the capability of physical activity recognition in this paper. The ECG monitor synchronously detected electrocardiogram signal and body acceleration signal, and recognized the scene information of physical activity, and finally determined the health status of the heart. With the advantages of accuracy for measurement, easy to use, comfort to wear, private feelings and long-term continuous in monitoring, this ECG monitor is quite fit for the heart-health monitoring in daily life.

Effects of Melittin on the growth and G_2/M phase arrest in SGC-7901 cells / 中国药理学通报

Aim To explore the effects of the Melittin on growth and cell cycle of SGC-7901 cells.Methods Growth inhibition effect of Melittin was evaluated using SRB in SGC-7901 cells in vitro;Melittin induced cell cycle arrest was investigated using flow cytometry assay;reverse transcription PCR(RT-PCR)was used to detect the associated protein mRNA of cell cycle.Results Proliferation activity of SGC-7901 cells was inhibited after treatment with Melittin(1,2,4,8,16,32×10~(-3) μg·L~(-1))(P<0.05 or P<0.01)for 24 h;Flowcytometry analysis revealed that SGC-7901 cells accumulated in the G_2/M phase after treatment with Melittin(4,8×10~(-3) μg·L~(-1))for 24 h;the expression of CylinB1,CDK1 and Cdc25c mRNA were decreased.Conclutions Proliferation activity of SGC-7901 cells was inhibited by Melittin,which may be related to the inhibitory effect of Melittin on associated protein transcription in the G_2/M stage of SGC-7901 cells.

Design of a Brain-computer Interface System Based on Labview and VC / 中国医学物理学杂志

Objective:Labview and VC were used to design software based on the Active One biopotential measurement system to realize the visual evoked potential based brain-computer interface.Methods:The data acquisition software was designed by Labview,the human-interface,real time signal processing and dynamic link library software were designed by VC.Data transmission between Labview and VC was realized through the dynamic link library using shared memory technology.The multimedia timer,DirectDraw technology and parallel port data output were used to design the visual stimulation interface.The 5 points averaging filter combining with averaging method were used to detect the visual evoked potential and the correlation coefficient was computed for signal recognization.Results:The experiments showed that the visual stimulator can produce effective visual stimulation.The data transmission method using the dynamic link library can satisfy the requirement of the system.Conclusions:The real-time signal processing method can improve signal-noise ratio and realize detection and recognization of visual evoked potential.The system can determine which module the subject was fixating and the result was feedback to the subject in real time.

A non-invasive glucose measurement method based on orthogonal twin-polarized light and its pilot experimental investigation / 生物医学工程学杂志

In order to overcome the existing shortcomings of the non-invasive blood glucose polarized light measurement methods of optical heterodyne detection and direct detection, we present in this paper a new orthogonal twin-polarized light (OTPL) non-invasive blood glucose measurement method, which converts the micro-angle rotated by an optical active substance such as glucose to the energy difference of OTPL, amplifies the signals by the high-sensitivity lock-in amplifier made of relevant principle, controls Faraday coil current to compensate the changes in deflection angle caused by blood glucose, and makes use of the linear relationship between blood glucose concentration and Faraday coil current to calculate blood glucose concentration. In our comparative experiment using the data measured by LX-20 automatic biochemical analyzer as a standard, a 0.9777 correlation coefficient is obtained in glucose concentration experiment, and a 0.952 in serum experiment. The result shows that this method has higher detection sensitivity and accuracy and lays a foundation for the development of practical new type of non-invasive blood glucose tester for diabetic patients.

Development of practicality of EEG-based brain-computer interface / 生物医学工程学杂志

Brain-computer interface (BCI) is a system that can create direct connection between brain activity and external devices. In the past 20 years, important' achievements of research on BCI have been made. Now there are lots of research methods based on electroencephalic signals, and researchers are trying to make the BCI system possess the characteristics of real-time and become more natural and practical. This paper presents an overview of real-time and stimulating way to EEG-based BCI research. Through the discussions on the applications of DSP in BCI system, in signal preprocessing and in algorithm optimization, the high lights in real-time research are pointed out. In the discussions about the way to produce EEG signals in BCI, the researchers suggested that the imaging movement be the most ideal way in that it will reduce the discomfort in stimulation by application of the virtual reality technology in BCI system, thus it will be conducive to improvement in the performance of BCI system.

Research for transcutaneous energy transfer based on PCB coreless planar circular spiral inductor coils / 生物医学工程学杂志

In this paper is proposed a new PCB coreless planar circular spiral inductor coils-based transcutaneous energy transfer method for use in implantable biomedical devices. Firstly, the main factor, coupling coefficient k between transmitting and receiving coils, which affected the efficiency of the energy transfer, was determined by setting up the circuit model of transcutaneous energy transfer. Then, the coupling coefficient was analyzed and calculated by using the method of equivalent circular filaments. Finally, experiments were carried out to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method.

Research of Independent Component Analysis for Processing Bowel Sounds / 中国医学物理学杂志

Objective: To eliminate the noise merged in bowel sounds and extract the time-domain features of the main signal. Methods: In this paper, the principles of Independent Conponent Analysis (ICA) were investigated; the algorithm of Fast ICA was discussed; the step of ICA was given. Then we processed the bowel sounds with this method, and extracted the time-domain features with normalized average Shannon energy, representative differences were found between the normal and abnormal signals. Results: The noise merged in bowel sounds is eliminated and there are statistical differences between the normal and abnormal bowel sounds. Conclusions: Detection and analysis of bowel sounds has important value in the diagnosis and cure of gastrointestinal diseases, the experimental results show that ICA is an effective method for processing bowel sounds.

Progress in detection, analysis and application of new techniques to monitoring bowel sounds / 生物医学工程学杂志

The detection and analysis of bowel sounds are of importance to the diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal diseases. In this paper are summarized the recent advances in the detection and analysis as well as in the application of new techniques to monitoring bowel sounds. Several methods, including spectrum analysis, adaptive filtering, wavelet transform, principal component analysis, and artificial neutral network are mainly introduced. All of them are promising for feature extraction and automatic classification of bowel sounds.

Methods and devices for measuring arterial stiffness in humans / 国际生物医学工程杂志

Atherosclerosis and arteriosclerosis are the common pathologic causes of such cardiovascular diseases as myocardial infarction,cerebral apoplexy,and so on.Early detecting the changes of artery's malfunction and proper treatment can effectively help to prevent those mortal diseases or slow down the its procedure.This review analyses currently used methods and devices evaluating the arterial stiffness.Three main methods and instruments which based upon analysis of pulse transit time,wave contour of the arterial pulse,and direct measurement of arterial geometry and pressure,which correspond to the evaluation of regional,local and systemic stiffness of body region are discussed.They are used in clinical laboratory and/or in clinical treatment particular attention is given to the reproducibility of each device.

Non-invasive glucose measurement technologies and devices / 国际生物医学工程杂志

This review describes the main technology for non-invasive glucose monitoring and introduces relevent devices.For technology,the physical principle underlying the techniques,the limitations,the measurement sites and their individual features are considered.For devices,the information listed are their approval condition (FDA Approval and/or CE Mark),the techniques adapted the manufacturer and the information available about the device on the internet.From what we reviewed,although some promising techniques and devices are already available,further efforts are still required to reach a satisfactory solution to the non-invasive glucose measurement problem.

Analysis and research of brain-computer interface experiments for imaging left-right hands movement / 生物医学工程学杂志

This is a research carried out to explore a pragmatic way of BCI based imaging movement, i. e. to extract the feature of EEG for reflecting different thinking by searching suitable methods of signal extraction and recognition algorithm processing, to boost the recognition rate of communication for BCI system, and finally to establish a substantial theory and experimental support for BCI application. In this paper, different mental tasks for imaging left-right hands movement from 6 subjects were studied in three different time sections (hint keying at 2s, 1s and 0s after appearance of arrow). Then we used wavelet analysis and Feed-forward Back-propagation Neural Network (BP-NN) method for processing and analyzing the experimental data of off-line. Delay time delta t2, delta t1 and delta t0 for all subjects in the three different time sections were analyzed. There was significant difference between delta to and delta t2 or delta t1 (P<0.05), but no significant difference was noted between delta t2 and delta t1 (P>0.05). The average results of recognition rate were 65%, 86.67% and 72%, respectively. There were obviously different features for imaging left-right hands movement about 0.5-1s before actual movement; these features displayed significant difference. We got higher recognition rate of communication under the hint keying at about 1s after the appearance of arrow. These showed the feasibility of using the feature signals extracted from the project as the external control signals for BCI system, and demon strated that the project provided new ideas and methods for feature extraction and classification of mental tasks for BCI.

Progress in the research of neural interface technology / 生物医学工程学杂志

Neural interface technology researches, which constitute the intercross science relating to neurophysiology, computational science, microelectronic technology and so on, are of important value in rehabilitation engineering. In this paper, the concept and significance of neural interface were introduced. The applications and methods of different kinds of neural interface system were expounded. Related animal experiments were citated. The recent studies and trends in neural interface technology were also discussed.

A quality controllable algorithm for ECG compression based on wavelet transform and ROI coding / 生物医学工程学杂志

This paper presents an ECG compression algorithm based on wavelet transform and region of interest (ROI) coding. The algorithm has realized near-lossless coding in ROI and quality controllable lossy coding outside of ROI. After mean removal of the original signal, multi-layer orthogonal discrete wavelet transform is performed. Simultaneously,feature extraction is performed on the original signal to find the position of ROI. The coefficients related to the ROI are important coefficients and kept. Otherwise, the energy loss of the transform domain is calculated according to the goal PRDBE (Percentage Root-mean-square Difference with Baseline Eliminated), and then the threshold of the coefficients outside of ROI is determined according to the loss of energy. The important coefficients, which include the coefficients of ROI and the coefficients that are larger than the threshold outside of ROI, are put into a linear quantifier. The map, which records the positions of the important coefficients in the original wavelet coefficients vector, is compressed with a run-length encoder. Huffman coding has been applied to improve the compression ratio. ECG signals taken from the MIT/BIH arrhythmia database are tested, and satisfactory results in terms of clinical information preserving, quality and compress ratio are obtained.

Application of active electrode in the surface electromyogram detection / 中国组织工程研究

AIM: To detect surface electromyogram (EMG) signal accurately.METHODS: How to reduce noise in the detection of surface EMG signal was discussed. It has been explored to design an electrode unit by using methods of differential amplification, active electrode, filter and so on , andto investigate the electrode shape and the right placing method.RESULTS: The instrumentation amplifier AD620 was adopted to design a bipolar active electrode, which has been successfully used in the surface EMG detection.CONCLUSION: Experiments show that using active electrode can improve ratio of signal and noise, reduce noise and detect surface EMG signal effectively.

Simple evaluation on combined wound with seawater immersion / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: To establish experimental animal model for rapid evaluation of combined wound with seawater immersion so as to benefit wound healing and recovery.OBJECTIVE: To explore the plan of simple evaluation of combined wound with seawater immersion.DESIGN: Group division and controlled experiment was designed.SETTING: Second Department of Orthopaedics, the 113 Hospital of Chinese PLA; Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA MATERIALS: Totally 32 health hybridized adult dogs were employed,mass weighted varied from 12 to 15 kg, of either sex.METHODS: The experiment was performed partially in the specific sea area of the Fifth and Sixth Room , Research Institute of Surgery of Daping Hospital of the Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA from October 2001 to June 2002. The dogs were randomized into burn-blast combined wound group and projectile-burn combined wound group and each group was subdivided into immersion group (10 dogs) and the control (6 dogs). Burn-blast combined wound group: The model of burn and mild blast injury was prepared. In the control, the dogs were put in a room at 25 ℃ directly after injury; But in immersion group, the dogs were immersed immediately in simulated seawater with holder. Projectile-burn combined wound group: The model of burn and mild projectile injury was prepared. The managements were same as the previous after injury in the control and immersion group. The change of physiologic indexes was observed in 28 hours after injury. The indexes related to death were picked up for correlative analysis and establishing wound scoring scale, inducing body temperature, heart rate, mean arterial pressure (MAP), chloride concentration, PaO2 and causative factor, 0-5 score were designed, the higher the score was, the higher mortality would be.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Analysis of dead cases in each group. ② Wound scoring. ③ Verification of wound in scoring scale.RESULTS: 32 dogs all entered result analysis. ① Analysis of dead cases and relationship: Totally, 12 dogs were died. The peak of death was in 10-12hours, no matter the immersion happened or not. 5 indexes were associated significantly with death, named body temperature, heart rate, MAP, PaO2 and chloride concentration (P ＜ 0.05). ② Comparison of wound scoring, predictive mortality and actual mortality in each group: The results in burn-blast control were (5.89±3.25) score, 0 and 17% successively. Those in projectileburn control were (6.78±2.02), 25% and 33% successively. Those in burn blast immersion group were (9.50±4.20) scores, 50% and 30% and those in projectile-burn immersion group were (11.13±3.57) scores, 50% and 60%.CONCLUSION: ① The established scoring scale is apt to obtain common physiological indexes so as to evaluate the wound rapidly, which is applica ble for either seawater immersed cases or non-immersed cases, indicating extensively applications. ② The correction of evaluation is acceptable with verification. ③ The scale is based on animal experimental data, for which,it is still different from the one of real wound evaluation.

Application of CWT to extract characteristic monitoring parameters during spine surgery / 生物医学工程学杂志

It is necessary to monitor intraoperative spinal function in order to prevent spinal neurological deficit during spine surgery. This study aims to extract characteristic electrophysiological monitoring parameters during surgical treatment of scoliosis. The problem, "the monitoring parameters in time domain are of great variability and are sensitive to noise", may also be solved in this study. By use of continuous wavelet transform to analyze the intraoperative cortical somatosensory evoked potential (CSEP), three new characteristic monitoring parameters in time-frequency domain (TFD) are extracted. The results indicate that the variability of CSEP characteristic parameters in TFD is lower than the variability of those in time domain. Therefore, the TFD characteristic monitoring parameters are more stable and reliable parameters of latency and amplitude in time domain. The application of TFD monitoring parameters during spine surgery may avoid spinal injury effectively.

Device for Endothelium Dysfunction Detection Based on Photoplethysmographic Method / 医疗卫生装备

Objective To evaluate endothelium dysfunction of arteries for early preventing atherosis. Methods A new portable device for detection of endothelium dysfunction by photoplethysmographic method was designed, which depended on the principle of reactive hyperaemia. Results Experiments between hypertensive and normotensive showed that different degree endothelium dysfunction had emerged among hypertensive. Conclusion The proposed device has potential benefit to research, diagnosis and therapy evaluation for subclinic arterial disease.